30 June 2011

Dramaturg's Statement

This is a very interesting piece to research because there is so much information about the time period. While there is a great deal of information on the 1660s in England I do feel, as a dramaturg, there is very little ambiguity with the script because of the timeline. April De Angelis plays with the timeline quite a bit, that being said I am also well aware that this is also historical fiction piece and even so every character in this script is or was a person that lived during that time. I found all of the information quite interesting and it was hard to weed out the information that wasn't relevant because English history in this time period is very linked together. The Interregnum segues into the Restoration which segues in women performing on stage. While women performing is something new to England itself it isn't new to the world. The royal theatres and public theatres in France were beginning to have women on the stage much more before this time period. However, the reaction in England was much stronger than the other areas of the world because of what England had just come out of and I believe, as a dramaturg, that it is part of the reason De Angelis wrote this piece. The playwright had specific intentions with this script and those intentions are very apparent through the historical relevance of the script.

The cast of characters in this script have a very distinct and wide range of characteristics beginning with the cynical Doll Common to the young and naive Nell Gwyn. Nell, I found to be treated rather well late in her career as an actress by the King because he adored her performances and that is one of the things included in the script with a scene where Nell is waiting for the King to arrive. I think as a courtesan to the King adds a different dynamic to the character to get by with what she has to do to keep up her work with as an actress.

Another interesting thing I found was the differences in the two editions of the scripts with the editions of the two male characters that were added later. I did not find a production history of with the additional two characters. I think finding a production with those characters in there would be incredibly difficult to find because that version of the play is not particularly well known and is apart of a collection of plays by De Angelis. Even finding the rights to the script itself was more time consuming than necessary because the rights are with the Samuel French company in England. I feel that in some ways the two additional characters, if coordinated correctly, can have a much greater impact on the story in bringing a bigger audience closer to the story as a whole.

This script has some problems with it. The first that would need to be addressed is the set design. The play takes place backstage of a stage. Creating a difference between when the actors are on the stage and when they are not would be part of this issue. The most common way is for a curtain to be raised when on stage and lowered when off. While this is a great and easy solution a different style would be a refresher to someone who has seen the show before. Another issue to watch for is placement of a specific time period. The best recommendation that I would give is to pick a specific year in the 1660s. Based on the research I have completed the recommended year would be between 1662 to 1665. Those few years were the beginning of Nell Gwyn’s career at Betterton’s Theatre which is most ideal for the setting of the play.

As a dramaturg for this show, the past productions would have some to little impact on the originality of designers because of the few productions of this show that have been done, particularly the newer version of the script with the addition of the two male characters.

This show has a few things that would be great to utilize and some that are not so great. I think for a specific setting with a specific audience it could be a great show with the research used accordingly. Making this show feel period will be a great challenge for the designers to transport an audience to the 17th century.

24 June 2011

Producing Playhouse Creatures


Problems in Playhouse Creatures are numerous and of concern to any director when producing this show. For instance, there is a pregnancy abortion scene in this show. A director should be concerned with alienation and sensitivity with the audience in this sense because a wrong or uncensored approach could destroy an audience’s compliance with the material. Another area of problems arise with the set, using the stage as a part of back stage area is problematic because it is a part of letting the audience know where the actors are in the play. Nudity is another area that problems could arise and could be shocking or very conservative with the amount of depth a director chooses to go with this script. Also, since there isn’t much information about the script with two male characters added to the most recent edition of the script, this edition is not produced near as much and incorporating these two characters without much research into past productions of the particular version can present a problem with how the play is received.


The show doesn’t have many problems that would completely disrupt the collegiate students of SHSU nor the community of Huntsville with the exception of the abortion scene. An issue of high sensitivity should be handled very delicately to avoid a repelling reaction of the show. Performing in a small space such as the Showcase Theatre would present a problem because of the small amount of space available to have designated areas in which the show can thrive in the different places the play takes place. Another is the set changes themselves. If the show were to be produced on the Erica Starr Theatre stage would a designer want to have a crew seen during the changes or not seen at all. Community reception and the handling of the space would be a great deal of the problems but casting would also be a problem because of the way the script is written and past productions could a director cast multi-ethnic cast. If so, how would that be handled by not only the context of the play but the reception of the audience; or if not, is sacrificing authenticity for valuable actresses and actors as a resource to produce a great show worth that price.


Most productions of this show are from the original version with an all female cast. Based on what I have read, the addition of two male members of the cast doesn’t take away much but does add a great deal of other dynamics, particularly during scenes between Nell and the Earl, which adds a better understanding for an audience member to watch. The abortion portion of this show is handled quite well in several portions but in others it is not. Having it occur offstage seems to be the prevalent approach to the type of scene being produced and the sensitivity of it. Not much detail has gone into the set changes but a couple of reviews had mentioned that a curtain was used to signify when the actors were in performance and when they were backstage. The curtain was enough for them. The nudity has also been handled fairly well across the board. One review of a show in London had pointed that the actress were seductive and intriguing without having to show very much.


The critics overall seem to enjoy the script a very great approach and a historical learning experience is the general consensus. There were various reviews that had praised a producing company for doing something about the history of the theatre because it is something that is unknown yet the direction and some of the casting choices that were not very well made. Most reviewers and critics took hard looks at the play itself and not the production itself. In a general sense the critics enjoy the script but also have specific problems with the script in small areas. One thing that a critic had mentioned is how old the script feels when it is being performed even though the script was produced in 1993. It wasn’t that the script is overdone, it was transporting the audience back the 1660s that this particular critic found useful and enjoyed.

Playhouse Creatures: Production History #6

Basic Facts:

Producing Organization: Women's Theatre Project

Theatre/Venue: Sixth Star Studios

City, State: Ft. Lauderdale, FL

Month(s), Year: Mar - Apr 2009

Director: Genie Croft

Basic Data Source: http://www.miamiartguide.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1125:the-womens-theater-project&catid=162&Itemid=100096


Review #1: 

Quote:
Playhouse Creations tells it all as it explores the first actresses allowed on stage in the bawdy times under the reign of Charles II in England.  It was then when these females were admired by royal dukes and earls more for  their beauty and after-show moonlighting than for their on stage talent.  At the same time, this two-act play by April De Angelis, brightly surveys the novelty of seeing women on stage (after all, theatre was man’s domain), their battle for receiving equity pay, their competitiveness as well as their clandestine liaisons with upper-crust royalty, their sexual abuse – even their need for an abortion in order to continue the challenging life in the theatre.
Author: Ron Levitt

Date: March 2009


Source: http://www.flmedianews.com/theatrereviews.html

Image:

 

Playhouse Creatures: Production History #5

Basic Facts:

Producing Organization: Theatre By The Lake

Theatre/Venue: Theatre By The Lake

City, State: Keswick, UK

Month(s), Year: 13 January -15 January 2005

Director: Stefan Escreet

Designer #1: Steph Warden (Set)

Designer #2: Ian Roberts (Lighting)


Basic Data Source: http://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/review.php/8195/playhouse-creatures


Review #1: 

Quote:
De Angelis gives a stark insight into the lives of these women, playing in a former bear pit and displayed in much the same way as the creatures before them. Alternately lauded and despised, the older Betterton is cast aside by the baying crowd for the young Gwyn and others prepared to bare legs and breasts to keep the audience happy and paying.
Always there, unseen but controlling the women’s lives, are the men - from the King, who takes Gwyn as his trollope, to the theatre management consigning Farley to the streets and death on discovering she is pregnant.

Author: Anne Hopper

Date: June 9, 2005


Source: http://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/review.php/8195/playhouse-creatures

23 June 2011

Playhouse Creatures: Production History #4

Basic Facts:

Producing Organization: West Yorkshire Playhouse

Theatre/Venue: Quarry Theatre

City, State: Yorkshire, UK

Month(s), Year: 4 April-10 May 2003

Director: John Tiffany

Designer #1: Neil Warmington (Set)


Basic Data Source: http://www.wyp.org.uk/events/event_details.asp?event_ID=100


Review #1: 

Quote:
It is a fertile landscape, but De Angelis seems at a loss to know what to do with it. First seen in 1993, Playhouse Creatures is less a play than a collage of scenes, taking the form of a variety bill in which titillating dance routine follows Cleopatra's death-bed lament. Into this, she weaves the women's backstage stories, which come momentarily to life but lack sustaining dramatic force.  
There are strong moments in Alison Peebles' comradely production, but the sing-song Cockney performances are uneven, and the narrative threads too fragmented to make us care.

Author: Alfred Hickling

Date: April 18, 2003


Source: LexisNexis Academic "Review: Theatre: The saucy ladies of theatre: Playhouse Creatures: West Yorkshire Playhouse," Reporter: Alfred Hickling



Review #2:


Quote:
Sandra Voe gives a great performance as the general factotum Doll Common and the sixteen year old Nell Gwen is admirable played by Abby Ford. Joanne Froggatt plays Mrs Farley, Frances Grey Mrs Marshall and Pauline Lockart Mrs Barry. Susan Wooldridge plays the older Mrs Betterton, whose delivery of words gives ample scope for Nell Gwyn to try to copy her word “fork” for laughs


Author: BA Entertainment

Date: 


Source: http://www.ba-education.com/for/entertainment/wyp/playhousecreatures.html

22 June 2011

Playhouse Creatures: Production History #3

Basic Facts:

Producing Organization: Milagro Productions

Theatre/Venue: Landor Theatre

City, State: London, UK

Month(s), Year: 4 July - 22 July 2006

Director: Katherine Fenton

Lead: Catherine Bellamy (Nell Gwyn)

Basic Data Source: http://www.ltdb.co.uk/node/1384


Review #1: 

Quote:

Simply and effectively staged at the Landor, Katherine Fenton confidently directs one of three versions of de Angelis’ work - one of two in which men are completely absent from the onstage action. Instead, they are ever-present in the background, pulling the strings.
Author: Alistair Smith

Date: 7 July 2006



Source: http://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/review.php/13157/playhouse-creatures


Playhouse Creatures: Production History #2

Basic Facts:

Producing Organization: Tenth Planet Productions and Ovation

Theatre/Venue: Upstairs at the Gatehouse

City, State: London, UK

Month(s), Year: 16 August - 10 September, 2006

Director: Alexander Holt

Designer #1: Nick Holdridge (Lighting)

Designer #2: Michael Ozouf (Set)

Basic Data Source: http://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/review.php/13921/playhouse-creatures


Review #1: 

Quote:

Even so, the all-female cast manage to excel with what they have. Queen bee behind the curtain, Mrs Betterton, played by the superb Susan Kyd, is an authority with the humorous aside, many pertinent to theatre today. Oracle-like with experience, Mrs Betterton marauds backstage as if it were her own. Onstage too she has all the nuances and tricks which allow her to live past her sell-by date as a player.
Of course, the summit of aspiration for any actress at this time must have been the lusts of noblemen, or better yet, the man who lifted Cromwell’s ban on theatre, the Merry Monarch, himself Charles II. This is what the play offers best, a harsh depiction of life as an actress. Even harsher than today.

Author: Rene Butler

Date: August 24, 2006


Source: http://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/review.php/13921/playhouse-creatures



Review #2:


Quote:
Set in a ghostly theatre that formerly served as a bear pit, Playhouse Creatures conjures up the backstage world of that first generation of female players - among them 'pretty, witty' former orange-seller Nell Gwynn and the stately Mrs Betterton, wife of the great Shakespearean actor Thomas Betterton...Alexander Holt's handsome production, staged just up the road from Lauderdale House (one-time residence of Nell Gwynn), gathers together a uniformly excellent cast and recreates, with equal conviction, the pleasures and the pains of the female theatrical life.

Author: Robert Shore

Date: August 31, 2006


Source: http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/theatre/review-23365260-girls-on-stage.do



Image from Production:


21 June 2011

Playhouse Creatures: Production History #1

Basic Facts:

Producing Organization: King's Theatre Company

Theatre/Venue: Dundee Repertory Theatre

City, State: London, UK

Month(s), Year: October-November, 2007

Director: Alison Peebles

Designer #1: Ian Scott (Lighting)

Designer #2: Karen Tennent (Set)

Basic Data Source: http://www.ltdb.co.uk/node/13093


Review #1: 

Quote:
It is a fertile landscape, but De Angelis seems at a loss to know what to do with it. First seen in 1993, Playhouse Creatures is less a play than a collage of scenes, taking the form of a variety bill in which titillating dance routine follows Cleopatra's death-bed lament. Into this, she weaves the women's backstage stories, which come momentarily to life but lack sustaining dramatic force.  
There are strong moments in Alison Peebles' comradely production, but the sing-song Cockney performances are uneven, and the narrative threads too fragmented to make us care.

Author: Mark Fisher

Date: November 2, 2007

Source: LexisNexiss Academic "Review: Theatre: Playhouse Creatures Dundee Rep" Reporter: Mark Fisher



Review #2:


Quote:

Karen Tennant gives the production a forestage with candlelight projecting into the auditorium, and tables and chairs below the edge where an orange seller might ply her wares. Behind the forestage is the female dressing room with costumes and props hanging in the square bays at the back; above is another floor with mini-arches and gauze curtains. Muted colours: greens, creams, browns, reds, and period costumes help unify the production. The stories are told both off and on the King’s company stage, giving snippets of the mannered theatrical devices of the day.

Author: Thelma Good

Date: November 7, 2007


Source: http://www.reviewsgate.com/index.php?name=News&file=article&sid=3723



Image from Production:
 

17 June 2011

Summary for Project #2: Playhouse Creatures World of the Play

The various views/resources I have gathered for this play are very much relevant to how someone would be placed into the world of the play. The macro, or big picture, views that I have found for this play focus on the Restoration, events, and politics built in behind this play that go on before and during the time this play is set. The micro, or small picture, views used in this blog are to show the various things that are significantly relevant to the play’s world itself.

Macro Views
Resource #1 talks about the Restoration period in England itself and the placement of King Charles II on the throne. This resource utilizes the basic knowledge that a director would need going into a production meeting to answer questions about the history of the Interregnum and the Restoration as England is constantly being changed in the 1660s with the advent of theatre rising back to its original status.

This also leads into resource #2 which is about Charles II specifically. Although he is not in this play, he does have a significant impact on the way this show is done because of the way England was before he was in power and after he was put in power. He is a significant figure affecting both the macro and micro views in this blog. I placed him in macro because he affects so much more than just the world of this play and has a great deal of influence on the world of theatre during the restoration.

Resource #3 involves politics and the way England is viewed during this time. Political figures, such as the Earl of Rochester, in this play, would know this information and be affected by it as well as having influence, however small, on the King.

Resource #4 talks about the monetary system in place and the average cost of living for the average citizen of England during the 1660s. Although there is only a couple of brief sections that are relevant and useful to this play, I find it extremely helpful to know how much the average man needed to live off of because it would help a designer understand the rottenness in which the women of this play lived.


#5 is a published piece that would greatly helper a set designer and a scenic artist to understand the architecture from the early to late seventeenth century in England and Europe. It may influence and make the design much more accurate during the process.

#6 is more about politics. Every square inch of England was affected by the constant changes in power from one ruler to the next. The article linked describes most of the laws Charles II put in place during his initial reign in England.
#7 is a comparison of the religious establishment in England before and after the establish of Charles II as monarch. This view and article would greatly help an actor with he/she character’s religious convictions.

#8 is something I would give to the actors. It would help them understand what England was coming out of. It would also give a better background to the character of Mrs Farley.

#9 is similar to resource #4. The value of money during the 1660s and the differences in today’s monetary system England has versus the old system that was used. In addition, slang terms are given that would give actors an understanding of how much they are paying or being paid when there those references in the play.
#10 answers many basic questions that a director or designer might ask during a production meeting and would be very useful to the world of theatre during the 1660s.

Micro Views
Resource #1 is very helpful in determining what types of plays would have been performed in the theatre venues that the characters are in.

#2 speaks about the composer Matthew Locke and his life. It is something that the characters in the play, particularly Otway and the Earl of Rochester, would have heard during that time. A link is also found in the Pics and Sounds portion of this blog.

#3 are lists of political plays that help the actors understand the characters view and understanding of politics during that time.

#4 talks about the return of sexual comedy and the premiere of The Country Wife which is something that Nell Gwynn would have been apart of during her time as an actress.

#5 is about the diary of Samuel Pepys and the places that Nell Gwynn may have worked before and during her time as an actress.

#6 explains who Mrs. Betterton is. It is also from the diary of Pepys.

#7 explains and talks about the educational background and other information that the Earl of Rochester would know during this time. The article talks about the Earl directly.

#8 is an article about the theatre critic, Jeremy Collier, from that time. It criticizes the use of women on stage and the desire for the older traditions of the theatre.

#9 is an article speaking about the survival rate of infants during the time of the play. This information would help an actor playing Mrs Farley since she does become pregnant in the show.

#10 is a published piece on the values women had during the 1660s. It also compares the values of men and women during that time as well. It would greatly help an actor understand their character much more.

All of the information above and is found in other blog posts with links to the articles and information. It is all entirely relevant to a designer, director or actor in helping to understand the characters and the world that the play is set.

15 June 2011

Microviews for Playhouse Creatures

1.

The link is to an article that speaks about the various comedies and plays that audience may have scene during the Restoration period.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/3506933


2.

The article that is linked here shows the various composers of music during the Restoration that were most commonly performed in theatres. Matthew Locke is among these composers.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/964058


3.

This link is about the various political plays performed in the Restoration.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/3713916


4.

Return of Sexual Comedy.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Country_Wife


5.

The places of work for Nell Gwyn. Also a reflection of the diaries of Samuel Pepys about Nell Gwyn.

Source: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1259740


6.

The link is to a site with information from the diary of Samuel Pepys explaining who the character of Mrs. Betterton is.

http://www.pepysdiary.com/p/4034.php


7.

The article linked below shows the character, educational background, likes and dislikes of the theatre of the Earl of Rochester as well as morals of the restoration.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/27532879


8.

The following to an article that defends the lack of desire for women on the stage from the point of view of Jeremy Collier, a theatre critic after the beginning of the emergence of women on the stage.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/549884

9.

The link talks about infant mortality.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/3656483


10.

Values of women in the 1660s.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/175645

14 June 2011

Macroview Playhouse Creatures

Below are a list of events that occurred shortly before and during the world of the play on a large scale around 1664.


1.

The Restoration of the monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. The term Restoration may apply both to the actual event by which the monarchy was restored, and to the period immediately following the event.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_%28England%29


2.

Charles II (29 May 1630 OS – 6 February 1685 OS) was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland .

On 29 May 1660, his 30th birthday, he was received in London to public acclaim. After 1660, all legal documents were dated as if Charles had succeeded his father as king in 1649.

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_England


3.

Political agendas with Denmark and numerous other countries as Charles II is restored as the reigning monarch of England in the 1660s.


http://www.jstor.org/stable/549884


4.

Monetary status in England is briefly spoken of in this article. It speaks to the Consumer Price Index and basic costs for an average citizen during the 1660s.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/1927645


5.

Link to an article about the changes in architecture in England and other countries in Europe during the 1660s.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/1568393


6.

The changes that England went through and the advances made with Charles II being crowned.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/4051810




7.

Reestablishment of the Church of England.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/3678900


8.

This website gave an understanding of what the country of England was coming out of. It shows the lead in to the Puritan rule as well as the fall of the Interregnum.

Source: http://www.lovethetruth.com/books/pawns/02.htm


9.

The differences in British Currency with the old monetary system versus the newer monetary system similar to the one in place today.

Source: http://www.studyenglishtoday.net/british-money.html



10.

Linked is a page of basic questions that are answered that an actor or director might have.

http://www3.northern.edu/wild/th100/CHAPT14A.HTM

09 June 2011

Sounds and Images for Playhouse Creatures

Below are sounds and images that will further help explain the time period and instances of Playhouse Creatures during the English Restoration.

1.

This is an image of Charles II ruling monarch in England during the Restoration. Charles II allowed for the first actresses to perform on stage in England.

Image Source:
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Charles_II_of_England.jpeg











2.
























Above is an image of a typical theatre in the English Restoration, 1660s. On the right side of the image is the tiring house where many of the action in the script takes place. This image is a layout of a typical theatre.

Image Source: http://westerntheatrehistory.com/images/ThRoyal.gif


3.

Above is a picture of Nell Gwyn. 

Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Nell_gwyn_peter_lely_c_1675.jpg


4.



Attached is a video from YouTube with some music composed by Matthew Locke.The music selection is being played by Il Giardino Armonico of the last part of Matthew Locke's Partita VII in C minor.

A link to the life of Matthew Locke can be found here.

Video Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z3xz9gOW-Yo


5.


Above is an image of the owner of the theatre, Mr. Betterton.

Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b9/Thomas_Betterton_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller%2C_Bt.jpg


6.


An image of periwigs that would have been worn during the Restoration.

Source: http://www.costumes.org/history/18thcent/accessories/wigs/wigs2.gif


7.

A costume that women would have worn during the Restoration.

Source: http://www.costumes.org/history/greatwomen/10337_12.jpg


8.




A typical costume from the 1660s for men.

Image Source: http://www.costumes.org/history/quicherat/new_pa2.jpg


9.

Other costumes.

Image Source: http://www.costumes.org/history/quicherat/Personnagesdequalitealamode.JPG

10.


A snapshot of London for the Restoration period.

Image Source: http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/c/ca/London_-_Richard_Blome%27s_map_of_1673.JPG